Adults Vaccines – Pneumonia Ttanus Diphtheria Pertussis

Get the pneumonia vaccine if you:

(1) Are 65 or older

(2) Have a chronic illness such as lung or cardiovascular disease, or diabetes

(3) Have a weakened immune system

(4) Have had your spleen removed

When and how often?

Get one dose of the vaccine at any time. You may need a second dose if you:

Are age 65 or older and received your first dose before age 65 and five years or more ago.Have a weakened immune system, kidney disease, or have had an organ or bone marrow transplant or your spleen removed.

Who shouldn't have it?

Consult with your doctor if you have a moderate or severe acute illness.

Ttanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis :-

Who should have the tetanus,diphtheria and pertussis(Tdap) Vaccine ?

(1) Adults 19 to 64 years who received their last tetanus vaccine more than 10 years ago.

(2) Adults, including parents, child care providers and health care workers, who have close contact with infants.

(3) Women who have just given birth and who have not previously received Tdap.
(4) Any woman who might become pregnant.

(5) Adults who have a "dirty" wound — a wound likely to become infected — and whose last tetanus-diphtheria (Td) booster was five or more years ago.

When and how often?

(1) Adults 19 to 64 who are due for a tetanus-diphtheria (Td) booster shot should receive Tdap instead if they have not previously received Tdap. Other recommendations include:

(2) A series of three vaccinations, beginning with a single dose of Tdap, followed at four weeks by a single dose of Td and another dose of Td six to 12 months later for adults who never finished the Td series or don't know if they ever received the Td vaccine.

(3) Tdap instead of Td for adults needing a tetanus shot for wound management if they have not received Tdap before.

A single dose of Tdap at least two weeks before having close contact with an infant. Pregnant women shouldn't receive Tdap until after giving birth, although Td may be given in the second or third trimester.

Who should not have it?

Don't get Tdap if you:

(1) Have had an severe allergic reaction to a previous dose.

(2) Are pregnant.

(3) Have experienced coma or seizures within seven days of receiving a pertussis vaccine.

(4) Discuss with your doctor if you have had Guillain-Barre syndrome or have epilepsy.

Are currently ill.

Why Is Quitting Smoking So Hard?

There are a variety of reasons why quitting smoking is so hard. These reasons can be broken into medical reasons, psychological reasons and practical reasons. In one way or the other these reasons may overlap. However in order to understand a variety of reasons why people fail to stop smoking it is worthwhile to categorize them in this manner. Due to these reasons many people spend almost their whole life attempting to quit smoking but still finding it extremely hard. A simple grasp of some of these reasons may in itself change the entire game plan turning failures into surprising successes.





Medical Reasons

Medical reasons that explain the difficulty of quitting smoking are embedded in the biological work of nicotine in tobacco. by way of background what causes tobacco to be addictive is the interaction between nicotine and a smoker's brain. Nicotine alters the brain receptors leading to total dependency. Any attempt to stop smoking will lead to severe withdrawal symptoms a form of protest from the brain using your body. Nicotine addiction is therefore the strongest and most important reason why quitting tobacco smoking is so hard. The backlash can be so severe that many people become so gripped with fear to ever try again condemning themselves to a life of cigarettes.



Psychological Reasons

There is yet another side of the story to the difficult associated with stopping cigarettes. Some people are gripped with the fear of the unknown. This makes it difficult to quit. Often this is also fed by the general knowledge that quitting is hard making a lot of people failures whilst they still have cigarettes on their mouths. This means the battle has to be worn in the brain if one is to quit for good.



Doctors often advise that quitting smoking is also a matter of the willingness to do so. Just deciding to quit without the needed accompanying will-power will go so far. The individual making a decision to quit will need to be fully mentally prepared for what follows. This is why counseling and quit smoking programs produce better results in patients than those who go alone.



Practical Reasons

Practical reasons why stopping smoking is hard are found in the practical steps one needs in order to succeed. For example, most people decide to quit smoking yet they continue hanging out with people who smoke. They expose themselves to what are known as triggers. they easily find themselves triggered into smoking relapse.



Other practical reasons include the methods people choose to help them stop smoking. people who quit cold turkey almost always fail compared to people who use medications such as nicotine replacement products. All these are a matter of choice. What is it that you choose as your way to stop smoking. Of all the three reasons the most difficult to deal with is the medical reasons followed by the psychological reasons.

Research has found that people who generally live longer do so partly because of good habits. Here, i provide some of the following good habits for longevity.